Measurement Uncertainty

The clearest starting point for understanding measurement uncertainty. Explains where uncertainty comes from, how to estimate it step by step, and how to state a result so that others can judge whether it is fit for purpose.

Stephanie Bell

An intermediate guide for testing laboratories that need to calculate and report uncertainty consistently. Builds on beginner material with worked uncertainty budgets and guidance aligned to laboratory accreditation requirements.

Keith Birch

The NIST guidelines on evaluating and reporting measurement uncertainty, condensed into a short reference. Sets out Type A and Type B evaluation, combined and expanded uncertainty, and the coverage factor, with a glossary of terms.

Barry N. Taylor and Chris E. Kuyatt