The Class Struggles in France

The 1848 pamphlet that opens with "A spectre is haunting Europe" and closes with a call for the workers of the world to unite. This edition adds all the prefaces Marx and Engels wrote for later editions, plus Engels' Principles of Communism, the draft the Manifesto grew out of.

Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels

Marx's sharp account of how Louis Bonaparte seized power in France in 1851, the essay that begins with history repeating itself, first as tragedy, then as farce. It is his finest piece of historical writing, showing class struggle at work in real politics.

Karl Marx

Marx's addresses to the First International on the Franco-Prussian War and the Paris Commune of 1871. He defends the Commune as the first government of the working class and draws from it his lessons on the state.

Karl Marx

Marx's 1875 notes on the program of the new German workers' party, short but packed with ideas. It is where he describes the two phases of communist society and coins the line "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs".

Karl Marx