The Foundations of the Origin of Species
Charles Darwin
The two early essays, written in 1842 and 1844, in which Darwin first set out natural selection in full. Useful for seeing how the argument of the Origin took shape years before publication.
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Insectivorous PlantsDarwin's experiments on sundews, Venus flytraps and bladderworts, and how these plants capture and digest prey. A patient record of tests carried out over many years in his own greenhouse.
Verified PDF · Secure download - The Power of Movement in Plants
A detailed study of how plants move, bend and respond to light, gravity and touch. Written with his son Francis, it opened the path that later led to the discovery of plant hormones.
Verified PDF · Secure download - The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants
How twining stems, tendrils and hooks let plants climb, described through close observation of dozens of species. A short, focused book on one of Darwin's favorite botanical puzzles.
Verified PDF · Secure download - The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species
Darwin examines why some species produce two or three distinct flower forms, and how that arrangement promotes cross-fertilization. His work on primroses runs through the whole volume.
Verified PDF · Secure download - The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms
Darwin's last book, on how earthworms build and turn over the soil beneath us. Forty years of observation on a subject nobody had taken seriously as geology.
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