Carnap's Empiricism

A founding member of the Vienna Circle looks back on twenty-five years of logical empiricism: what it got right, what it had to abandon and where it was heading.

Herbert Feigl

Carnap, the leading figure of logical empiricism, explains how scientific terms like electron get their meaning from observation. A key text on the line between theory and experience.

Rudolf Carnap

If theories only connect observations, why do we need unobservable entities at all? Hempel's famous dilemma is one of the classic texts of logical empiricism.

Carl G. Hempel

Shows how the mind-body problem shaped logical empiricism from the start, through the influence of Fechner on Schlick, Carnap and Feigl. A rich chapter on the movement's roots.

Michael Heidelberger